A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Pandit, M. K.
- Geochemistry and Geochronology of A-Type Granite from Northern Humboldt Mountain, East Antarctica: Vestige of Pan-African Event
Authors
1 Geological Survey of India, Jhalana Institutional Area, Jaipur 302 004, IN
2 Department of Geology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302 004, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 56, No 3 (2000), Pagination: 253-262Abstract
A-type granite and gabbro-norite-anorthosite (GNA) suite in the Nordvestoya and Hjornehorna Hills of Northern Hurnboldt Mountains, Central Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica, intrude the multi-deformed basement rocks that show intermediate pressure, granulite facies metamorphism. The granite consists of perthitic K-feldspar, strain free quartz and sodic plagioclase as the main minerals, with minor biotite and hornblende and accessory phases of zircon, apatite and apaques. The granite is metaluminous and shows A-type geochemical signatures - high silica (69.26 to 78.09%), high alkalis, high FeO/MgO ratio and significant HFSE and LREE enrichment with prominent negative Eu anomaly. The granite has yielded whole rock Rb - Sr isochron age of 514±59 Ma with an initial 87Sr/86Sr ratio of 0.7071±0.0013. This age is synchronous with the Pan-African tectono-thermal event, recorded elsewhere in the Eastern Gondwanaland. The A-type granite has resulted from crustal melting initiated by mantle uprise. The ascent and emplacement of granite was facilitated by crustal thinning and fracturing under extensional tectonic regime.Keywords
East Antarctica, Northern Humboldt Mountain, A-Type Granite, Geochemistry, Geochronology.- Second International Symposium on Granites and Associated Mineralizations, Salvador, Brazil (August 24-29, 1997)
Authors
1 Department of Geology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur - 302 004, IN
2 University Department of Geology, P.O. Box 89, GPO, Civil Lines, Nagpur - 440 001, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 51, No 3 (1998), Pagination: 414-414Abstract
No Abstract.- Ignimbrite Deposits from North of Mumbai in Western Part of Deccan Flood Basalt Province, India
Authors
1 GSI Colony, Malviya Nagar, Jaipur - 302 017, IN
2 Department of Geology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 51, No 6 (1998), Pagination: 813-815Abstract
The Sasunavghar-Juchundra area in the western part of Deccan Flood Basalt Province exposes repetitive acidic pyroclastic sequences overlying intermediate to basic pyroclastic basal flows. These acidic tuffs conform to typical 'ignimbrite' eruptive and depositional environment. The explosive activity has probably resulted from a localised collapse of eruptive column.Keywords
Ignimbrite, Deccan Flood Basalt Province, Maharashtra.- Trondhjemite and Granodiorite Assemblages from West of Barmer: Probable Basement for Malani Magmatism in Western India
Authors
1 Department of Geology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, IN
2 Geological Survey of India, Jhalana Dungri, Jaipur 302017, IN
3 NEG LABISE, Department of Geology, UFPE, C.P. 7852 Recife PE - 50.730-970, BR
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 53, No 1 (1999), Pagination: 89-96Abstract
The pre-Malani basement, occurring to the southwest of the Malani Igneous Suite in western India is represented by an older, biotite trondhjemite (gneiss) and a younger, hornblende granodiorite. These granitoid assemblages (hitherto mentioned as unclassified granitoids) denote tectonically uplifted basement for the volcano-plutonic Malani magmatism. Biotite trondhjemite with well-developed gneissic fabric is significantly deformed as compared to hornblende granodiorite, which is slightly deformed. The basement granitoids exhibit a well-defined temporal and spatial relationship with each other, and are further intruded by Malani rhyolite/basic dykes. Well-preserved magmatic fabric of rhyolite/basic dykes suggests that the intrusive activity post-dated any deforrnational event. The geochemical signatures of the basement granitoids - moderate silica, high Sr, low FeO/MgO ratio and moderate alkali abundance, are quite distinct from the A-type geochemistry of Malani rhyolite dykes - high silica, high HFSE abundance, high FeO/MgO ratio and high alkali abundance, thus invoking different sources and emplacement history.Keywords
Petrology, Malani Igneous Suite, Basement, Trondhjemite, Granodiorite, Western India.- Open System Fractional Crystallization Process in the Evolution of Deccan Basalts of Pratapgarh Region, Western India
Authors
1 Department of Geology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302 004, IN
2 Department of Geology, M.L.S. University, Udaipur 313 001, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 51, No 5 (1998), Pagination: 659-670Abstract
The northwestern fringe of the Deccan Flood Basalt sequence is characterized by isolated occurrences of sub-horizontal tholeiitic flows. Because the flow units in this region are not traceable over large distances, the petrographic and geochemical characters have been utilized to establish nine flow units of olivine tholeiite (OT), quartz tholeiite (QT) and low calcium quartz tholeiite (LCT). The flows show striking mineralogical and chemical similarity. Low-Mg numbers and moderate to high silica content indicate the derivative nature of the magma. The flow sequence has evolved through predominant plagioclase fractionation and less significant clinopyroxene separation from a non-primary olivine tholeiite melt from which olivine had been removed earlier. Cyclic variation in geochemical signatures and prominent chemical breaks within the flow sequence indicate a periodically replenished, open system, shallow level magma chamber with gabbroic fractionation.Keywords
Crystallization Process, Deccan Basalts, Pratapgarh Region.- Evidence of Epithermal Activity and Gold Mineralization in Newania Carbonatite, Udaipur District, Rajasthan
Authors
1 A.M.S.E. Wing, Central Zone, GSI, Seminary Hills, Nagpur 440 006, IN
2 Department of Geology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 54, No 3 (1999), Pagination: 251-257Abstract
The geological, geochemical and C- and Pb-isotopic evidence available on the Newania Carbonatitic Body (NCB) in southern Rajasthan are not entirely incontrovertible from the point of view of carbonatite magmatism. Based on recognition of calcite-lined vugs, 'dog-tooth spar' and 'jig-saw puzzle' structure, the hematite bearing ankeritic carbonates (the ankeritic 'carbonatite') are considered as epithermal emplacements into dolomitic (magnesio-) carbonatite. Seven samples collected from hematite bearing ankeritic (±sideritic) carbonates, which constitute an important component of the NCB, have given gold values ranging between 0.93 to 1.36 ppm. The significance of this find lies in the association of gold with oxides and carbonates of hydrothermal affinity.Keywords
Economic Geology, Gold Mineralization, Carbonatite, Hematite, Ankerite, Rajasthan.- Hybrid Acid Xenoliths in Dolerite Dykes Intruding Deccan Flood Basalts, Pune-Ahmednagar Region, Western India
Authors
1 Geological Survey of India (WR), Jhalana Dungari, Jaipur 302 017, IN
2 Department of Geology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302 004, IN
3 Geological Survey of India, Pune 411 006, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 54, No 3 (1999), Pagination: 303-308Abstract
The Deccan flood basalt in Pune - Ahmednagar region, western India, is intruded by NE-SW. NW-SE and E-W trending dolerite dyke swarms, post-dating the main eruptive phase. The NE-SW trending dykes host a number of large (∼1 to ›5 m across) ellipsoidal rhyolitic and granitic xenoliths that show effects of hybridization along their rims. Granitic xenoliths contain fractured and partially assimilated crystals. whereas in the fine-grained rhyolites hybridization is manifested in the development of flow structures and chlorophaeite-filled amygdules. Hybridization of the xenoliths has resulted in wide variation in silica abundance, whereas the REE patterns show remarkable similarity. This indicates that hybridization was limited only to the readjustment of relatively mobile elements, resulting in alkali exchange across the interface. The rhyolitic xenoliths might have resulted from the fusion of the crust by basic magma, while the granitic xenoliths possibly represent the basement component. Incomplete assimilation of xenoliths by the melt as evidenced by limited reaction, further corroborates the incorporation of xenoliths at a shallow level, when the uprising basic melt had considerably fractionated and cooled. The fractionated nature of host dolerite dyke is also confirmed by moderate MgO, high FeO and LREE enrichment.Keywords
Petrology, Acid Xenoliths, Dolerite Dykes, Deccan Traps, Maharashtra.- Alkali Exchange as a Possible Mechanism for Genesis of Low-K Granite: Evidence from Ajitgarh Pluton, Proterozoic Delhi Fold Belt, NW India
Authors
1 Department of Geology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur - 302 004, IN
2 National Petroleum Company, P.O. Box 851634, Amman - 11 185, JO
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 62, No 6 (2003), Pagination: 696-707Abstract
We discuss a geochemically atypical, leucocratic low-K granite that occurs as a volumetrically subordinate component of the Ajitgarh pluton (NW India), which is predominantly composed of a 'normal' K-rich alkali granite. The pluton has been described to intrude the metasedimentary rocks of the NE-trending Meso- Neoproterozoic Delhi Supergroup in its northern domain. The alkali granite mineralogy includes K-feldspar, quartz and sodic plagiodase with minor biotite and hornblende while low-K granite comprises of equivalent proportions of sodic plagioclase and quartz, minor K-feldspar and accessory hornblende, titanite and zircon. In contrast to other syn-tectonically ernplaced granitoids of the,North Delhi Fold Belt (NDFB) that are variably deformed, the Ajitgarh granites are undeformed and do not show any evidence of metamorphism andfor post-crystallization alteration. Apart from the significantly low K2O content (∼1.5%) and a high Na2O/K2O ratio (-3), other geochemical parameters such as high silica content (∼75%), high FeO/MgO ratio, enrichment in LREE and HFSE, and lower abundances of CaO (0.54 - 1.51 %), MgO (0.01 - 0.54%) and Sr (21 - 56 ppm) of the low-K granite are consistent with A-type affinity. A close similarity in HFSE behaviour and REE patterns between low-K granite and alkali granite underlines a genetic link between the two granite types and their derivation from a common igneous protolith. It is suggested that both low-K granite and alkali granite were derived from a high-temperature melt, produced by low degree of partial melting of an amphibolite source under low-pressure conditions. Alkali exchange across the interface between granitic melt and basic magma effected the removal of K from the granitic melt, which subsequently crystallized as low-K granite.Keywords
Low-K Gknite, A-type, Proterozoic, Geochemistry, Alkali Exchange, Ajitgarh Pluton, Rajasthan.- A Relook into the Status of Granitoids and Conglomerate in Salumber- Jaisamand Area, Southern Rajasthan: Implications for the Stratigraphy of the Palaeoproterozoic Aravalli Fold Belt
Authors
1 Geological Survey of India, Jhalana Dungari, Jaipur 302 004, IN
2 Department of geology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 58, No 1 (2001), Pagination: 53-63Abstract
Detailed geological mapping (1 :25,000) of the Jaisamand-Salumber area in south Rajasthan has brought out modifications and additions to the existing published maps. Significant modifications in the outcrop pattern relate to the disposition of (a) polymictic conglomerate, feIdspathic quartzite and calcareous quartzite-dolomite unit in the Ora- Jaisamand area, (b) granitoid bodies, and (c) polymictic conglomerate occurring southwest of Salumber. A better understanding of the inter-relationship of significant litho-units has necessitated a relook into the Aravalli stratigraphy of the area, particularIy with respect to the granitoids and conglomerate. Geological mapping has also helped in identifying some stratigraphically important litho-units, such as polymictic conglomerate from northwest of Paluna, calcareous grit1 calcareous quartzite-dolomite from west of Piladhar, and calcareous quartzite-dolomite along the northeastern limb of Ora - Jaisamand anticline. The Aravalli sequence exposed in the area can be divided into Salumber Group (lower Aravalli) and Jaisamand Group (upper Aravalli), separated by an unconformity. The two groups also differ in lithologic assemblages. The granitoids are intrusive into the volcano-sedimentary sequence of the Salumber Group and form the basement for the Jaisamand Group. On the basis of overlapping relationship with Salumber Group litho-units and clast composition, the stratigraphically controversial Ora-Jaisamand-Salumber conglomerate and correlatable units have been interpreted as the basal unit of the Jaisamand Group (upper Aravalli).Keywords
Stratigraphy, Conglomerate, Granitoids, Palaeoproterozoic, Aravalli Fold Belt, Rajasthan.- W-Mineralization in Sewariya Area, South Delhi Fold Belt, Northwestern India: Fluid Inclusion Evidence for Tungsten Transport and Conditions of Ore formation
Authors
1 Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, 33, G. M. S. Road, Dehra Dun - 248001, IN
2 Geological Survey of India, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, Kolkata - 700 016, IN
3 Department of Geology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur - 302004, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 61, No 1 (2003), Pagination: 37-50Abstract
The S-type, high-level, biotite granite (Sewariya Granite) intruding the metasediments of the South Delhi Fold Belt in central Rajasthan hosts W-mineralization that occurs within the shear controlled late-stage quartz veins. The fluid inclusion data of the observed type 1 to type 4 inclusions in mineralized quartz veins and type 1, type 2 inclusions in fluorite reveal that the high to low temperature alkali chloride solution was in equilibrium with syn to post W-mineralization events. Boiling at a temperature range of 373 to 417°C is recorded in the earliest fluid inclusions viz. gas rich type 2 and liquid rich type 3 inclusions, which together show a continuum in the fluid density from 0,2 to 0.85 g/cm3. Dominance of high saline aqueous fluid with 32.5 to 43.3 equiv. wt percent NaCl is represented in type 1 inclusions. The increase in salinity to the extent of Tm NaCl> Th L-V is attributed to the boiling of fluid and successive influx of high saline hydrothermal fluid exsolved from crystallizing granite source rocks. Type 1 inclusions of fluorite show a difference from type 1 inclusions of mineralized quartz in terms of their lower temperature and a common Th> Tm NaCl homogenization trend. Type 4 inclusions are secondary mostly homogenized below 170°C,these are unrelated to the mineralization event. The observed conditions favour the interpretation that tungsten was transported as tungstic acid in the CI and vapour rich hot hydrothermal solution. A low pressure of 250-350 bars at about 400°C is suggested for this W-mineralization.Keywords
Tungsten Mineralization, Sewariya Granite, Fluid Inclusions, Delhi Fold Belt, Rajasthan.- MODFLOW Based Groundwater Resource Evaluation and Prediction in Mendha Sub-Basin, NE Rajasthan
Authors
1 Central Ground Water Board, WR, 6-A, Jhalana Doongri, Jaipur - 302 004, IN
2 Department of Geology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur - 302 004, IN
3 Department of Civil Engineering, Malviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur - 302 017, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 74, No 4 (2009), Pagination: 449-458Abstract
A direct approach to designing MODFLOW finite difference model is tedious and less intuitive, specifically for complex boundary and initial conditions. Therefore, a MODFLOW model can be developed either using a grid or conceptual model approach. The conceptual model is created using Geographic Information System (GIS) objects including points, arcs and polygons so that it can more accurately represent real world condition. It is a simplified representation of the site to be modelled including the model domain, boundary conditions, sources, sinks and material zones. Advantage of conceptual model is that most of the input can be in terms of physical objects, such as wells, lakes, recharge zones etc which can then be converted to a grid based mathematical model with the help of preprocessor software.
This paper presents the results of a mathematical groundwater model developed for the northern part of Mendha sub-basin in the semi arid region of northeastern Rajasthan, employing conceptual groundwater modelling approach. For this purpose, Groundwater Modelling Software (GMS) was used which supports the MODFLOW-2000 code. For the purpose of modelling the Source/ Sink Coverage, Recharge Coverage, Extraction Coverage, Return Flow Coverage and Soil Coverage were considered. The model was calibrated against the historical and observed water level data for periods 1998 to 2003 and 2003 to 2005 respectively.
The model was calibrated using observed water level data collected during the study period, so that model is capable to producing field measured heads and flow. For the present study historical data of water level is divided into two parts, in the first part of data from year 1998 to 2003 were used for the calibration purpose. In the second part the available field data during year 2003 to 2005 were used for model verification.
The model was run to generate groundwater scenario for a 15 year period from 2006 to 2020 considering the existing rate of groundwater draft and recharge. The water budget predictions indicate a decrease from 349.50 to 222.90 MCM in the groundwater storage system, whereas groundwater abstraction shows an increase from 258.69 to 358.74 MCM per annum. The predicted water table contour maps for the years 2007, 2015 and 2020 have also been generated.
Keywords
MODFLOW, GMS, Conceptual Model, Mendha Sub-Basin, Rajasthan.References
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- Hydrochemical Status of Groundwater in District Ajmer (NW India) with Reference to Fluoride Distribution
Authors
1 Central Ground Water Board, KR, Kedaram Complex, Kesavadasapuram, Trivandrum - 4, IN
2 Central Ground Water Board, WR, Jaipur - 302 004, IN
3 Department of Geology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur - 302 004, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 73, No 6 (2009), Pagination: 773-784Abstract
High fluoride in groundwater has been reported from many parts of India. However, a systematic study is required to understand the behaviour of fluoride in natural water in terms of local hydrogeological setting, climatic conditions and agricultural practices. Present study is an attempt to assess hydrogeochemistry of groundwater in Ajmer district in Rajasthan to understand the fluoride abundance in groundwater and to deduce the chemical parameters responsible for the dissolution activity of fluoride. Ajmer district falls in the semi-arid tract of central Rajasthan and is geologically occupied by Precambrian rocks (granites, pegmatites, gneisses, schists etc) where groundwater occurs under unconfined condition. A total of 153 well-water samples, representing an area of 8481 km2(further subdivided into eight blocks), were collected and chemically analyzed. The results of chemical analyses (pre-monsoon 2004) show fluoride abundance in the range of 0.12 to 16.9 mg/l with 66% of the samples in excess of permissible limit of 1.5 mg/l.Presence of fluoride bearing minerals in the host rock, the chemical properties like decomposition, dissociation and dissolution and their interaction with water is considered to be the main cause for fluoride in groundwater. Chemical weathering under arid to semi-arid conditions with relatively high alkalinity favours high concentration of fluoride in groundwater. Dental and skeletal fluorosis are prevalent in the study area which can be related to the usage of high fluoride groundwater for drinking. The suggested remedial measures to reduce fluoride pollution in groundwater include dilution by blending, artificial recharge, efficient irrigation practices and well construction.
Keywords
Groundwater, Fluoride, Dissolution, Alkalinity, Fluorosis, Ajmer District, Rajasthan.References
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- Geochemistry of Hindoli Group Metasediments, SE Aravalli Craton, NW India: Implications for Palaeoweathering and Provenance
Authors
1 Department of Geology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur - 302 004, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 79, No 3 (2012), Pagination: 267-278Abstract
The southeastern fringe of the Precambrian Aravalli fold belt has been designated as Jahazpur Belt, which includes two greenschist facies metasedimentary lithopackages, Hindoli (Late Archean/Paleoproterozoic) and Jahazpur (Paleoproterozoic) Groups. We present geochemical data on metapelite (phyllite) and metagreywackes from the Hindoli Group. Metapelites are enriched in alumina while metagreywackes show a wide range and higher abundance of silica. Covariance between TiO2 - Al2O3, K2O - Al2O3 pairs and moderate to high SiO2/MgO ratios indicate a strong weathering control. Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA = 68 for metagraywackes; 75 for metapelites) reveals moderately weathered protoliths for them. Fractionated LREE pattern with almost flat HREE trend and moderate to high Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.66 to 0.8) indicate feldspar bearing granite - granodiorite as probable compositions in the provenance. Very high PIA values (93) for metapelites reflect almost complete feldspar dissolution while the corresponding values for metagraywackes (68) are relatively lower. The diagnostic immobile trace elements (Sc, Zr, Th) can be interpreted as a variable felsic source (mainly granitic and subordinate granodioritic) for metagreywackes and a granodioritic (more mafic) one for metapelites. Considering the broad Precambrian geological set-up of NW India, the Banded Gneiss Complex (BGC), which predominantly comprises TTG gneisses and granites, amphibolite, etc. seems to be the most likely provenance for Hindoli sediments.Keywords
Metapelite, Metagraywacke, Geochemistry, Precambrian, Hindoli Group, Aravalli Craton.References
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